Between 19, the number of her realms varied as territories gained independence, and as realms, including South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon (renamed Sri Lanka), became republics. She has reigned as a constitutional monarch through major political changes, such as devolution in the United Kingdom, accession of the United Kingdom to the European Communities, Brexit, Canadian patriation, and the decolonisation of Africa. When her father died in February 1952, Elizabeth became head of the Commonwealth and queen regnant of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon. In 1947, she married Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, a former prince of Greece and Denmark, with whom she had four children: Charles, Prince of Wales Anne, Princess Royal Prince Andrew, Duke of York and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex.

She was educated privately at home and began to undertake public duties during the Second World War, serving in the Auxiliary Territorial Service. Her father ascended the throne on the abdication of his brother King Edward VIII in 1936, from which time she was the heir presumptive. Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor born 21 April 1926) is Queen of the United Kingdom and 15 other Commonwealth realms.Įlizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, as the first child of the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth).

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